A Beginners Guide Tenses of Latin Verbs

Latin is an inflected language  in which the verbs include a lot of information about the sentence. Sometimes the verb is the only word in the sentence. Even without a noun or pronoun, a Latin verb can tell you who/what the subject is. It can also tell you the time frame, including interval and tense. When you parse a Latin verb as an exercise, you deconstruct these and other facets of the Latin. When you parse a Latin verb, you list the following: Meaning/translationPersonNumberMoodVoice (active/passive)Tense/aspect Tense, as mentioned, refers to time. In Latin, there are three simple and three perfect tenses, a total of six, and they come in both active and passive forms. Moods in Different Tenses The Indicative Mood is the most common. You need to make note of the mood when parsing a verb. Most statement sentences use the indicative. In English, we generally contrast indicative with conditional sentences, although English has the Latin moods (Indicative, Subjunctive—with four moods, Present, Imperfect, Perfect, and Pluperfect, and Imperative—with active and passive forms.) Present Tense The first of the simple tenses in the Indicative Mood is the present tense. The present tense in the Indicative Mood has both Active and Passive voices. The present tense shows action that is happening now. I walk - ambulo Latin Imperfect Tense The next tense is the imperfect, which conveys uncompleted action in the past. Imperfect means incomplete or unfinished. When translating an imperfect verb, the simple past tense sometimes works. Other times, was plus an -ing ending on the verb or used to plus the verb will convey the uncompleted past action. I was walking - ambulabam The imperfect tense in Latin is used for both continuous and habitual actions in the past. Latin Future Tense The third tense is the future tense. A verb in the future tense conveys an action that will happen in the future. The customary auxiliary verb denoting the future tense is will. He will walk - ambulabit The first person singular future ambulabo is translated I shall walk—technically. Most people in the U.S., if not in the rest of the anglophone world, would say I will walk. The same is true of the first person plural ambulabimus: technically, its we shall walk, but in custom, its we will walk. In the second and third person, its just will without qualification. Latin Verb Endings Active Singular -o, -m-s-t Active Plural -mus-tis-nt Passive Singular -or, -r-ris-tur Passive Plural -mur-mini-ntur Perfect Active Endings Singular   -i-isti-it Plural -imus-istis-erunt (sometimes -ere) Past Tenses Past or perfected tenses are used for completed actions. There are 3 such tenses: PerfectPluperfectFuture perfect Latin (Past) Perfect Tense Generally simply called the perfect tense, this tense refers to an action that has been completed. Either a simple past tense ending (e.g., -ed) or the auxiliary verb have conveys the perfect tense. I walked - ambulavi You may also translate it: I have walked. Latin Pluperfect Tense A verb is in the pluperfect tense if it was completed prior to another. Usually the auxiliary verb had signifies a pluperfect verb. I had walked - ambulaveram Latin Future Perfect Tense Future perfect is used to convey an action that will have been completed prior to something else. Will have are the customary auxiliary verbs. I will have walked - ambulavero Sources and Further Reading Moreland, Floyd L., and Fleischer, Rita M. Latin: An Intensive Course. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.Traupman, John C. The Bantam New College Latin English Dictionary. Third Edition. New York: Bantam Dell, 2007.

The Monotheistic Religions Of Palestine - 2134 Words

Palestine has a long history of being ruled by different empires, all of which followed different religions. Its culture has been exposed to the influence of the Greeks, the Romans, the Byzantines, the Ottomans and a few others. It is in the heart of the Middle East and it houses the three major monotheistic religions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam; Judaism being one of the oldest religions, dating as far back as 2000 BCE in Canaan. Christianity, which then took into Judaism’s steps spread more vigorously and was more recently â€Å"recognized in New Testament studies† (Yencich 120). Then many years later came Islam, which had its own peak as well. These three monotheistic religions seem to echo each other’s tales, ideals, and values. The conflict between the Arabs and the Israelis over this Holy Land has been going on for years. Before Palestine, thee land was known as the land of Canaan. The Philistines, who were known to be great enemies of the Israelites, established Philistia, which is the biblical name of modern day Palestine (Novak 176). In the Bible, King Abimelech rules the Philistines during the age of Abraham (Gen. 20:32; 26:8). According to additional biblical sources, however, â€Å"the Philistines were a â€Å"Sea People† from the region of Crete who invaded the Levant toward the end of the Late Bronze/Iron I Ages a time generally identified with the Exodus and conquest of Canaan† (Novak 176). The Hebrews of the time migrated to the land of Canaan, modern day Israel andShow MoreRelatedThe Prophet, Muhammad, Islam1349 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity both originate in Palestine, but Judaism commenced over 3,500 years ago while Christianity found its beginning in 33 C.E. Christianity was created by Christ, the son of God, while Abraham was the man credited with founding Judaism. 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Yahweh is created as unattractiveRead MoreArab Israeli Conflict 883 Words   |  4 Pagesup until 1948 as Palestine, which is considered holy to all three major monotheistic religions.2 The primary parties in the conflict are Israeli (formerly Zionist) Jews and Palestinian Arabs (who are predominately Muslim).3 It is one of the unresolved problems bequeathed to the region by the British and French imperialist powers following the division of the Ottoman Empire between them at the end of World War 1.4 There are many features of the Middle East, specifically Palestine, that account forRead MoreThe Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror by Bernard Lewis1335 Words   |  6 Pagesexplaining the choices to be made by the people of the Islamic faith. They must determine whether their religion takes its place alongside other religions in a global community, or whether it will revert back into conflict with non-Muslim nations. 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Business Information Systems

Question: Describe about the Business Information System? Answer: Executive Summary The FedFone Co. or FFC is a growing business in Ballarat area. The company has simple business process. It has 3 shops at different places in Ballarat area and 5 sales executives. They sales mobile phones and accessories to those shops. As the business is a growing business, so it needs to understand the opportunities of improvement of their business process, build stronger customer relationship. For that purpose, it has hired some consultancy for analysis of their previous business records. The analysis will help them to understand better sales possibilities in future and help them to take better business strategies. Calculations The summary of total income as subtotaled by the shops, sales executive and phone models is given in the following pivot table, Row Labels Sum of Total Income ($A) High Street Paul Apel v17 phone 73213 HTS model 1 17560 HTS model 2 6929 HTS model 3 18576 Motorolar newstyle phone 6831 Motorolar razzr phone 6150 Nokkia phone 1111 2369 Nokkia phone 2222 3215 Sansumg 250 phone 5476 Sansumg 300 phone 15516 Paul Total 155835 Ringo Apel v17 phone 8298 HTS model 1 12240 HTS model 2 10353 HTS model 3 21533 Sansumg 250 phone 3621 Ringo Total 56045 High Street Total 211880 Mall George Apel v17 phone 17450 HTS model 1 3634 HTS model 2 4576 HTS model 3 16468 Motorolar newstyle phone 8618 Motorolar razzr phone 7524 Nokkia phone 1111 2812 Nokkia phone 2222 5190 Sansumg 250 phone 5232 Sansumg 300 phone 8624 George Total 80128 Stuart Apel v17 phone 8095 Sansumg 250 phone 8275 Sansumg 300 phone 78971 Stuart Total 95341 Mall Total 175469 Suburb John HTS model 1 12359 HTS model 2 11393 HTS model 3 19255 Motorolar newstyle phone 3883 Motorolar razzr phone 1570 Nokkia phone 1111 3268 Nokkia phone 2222 2291 Sansumg 250 phone 3528 Sansumg 300 phone 6139 John Total 63686 Suburb Total 63686 Grand Total 451035 1. The summary of total expense as subtotaled by the shops and sales executive is given in the following pivot table, Row Labels Sum of Total Expense ($A) High Street Paul 118100 Ringo 40453 High Street Total 158553 Mall George 60510 Stuart 53528 Mall Total 114038 Suburb John 38982 Suburb Total 38982 Grand Total 311573 1. The summary of total profit as subtotaled by the shops, sales executives and phone models is given in the following pivot table, Row Labels Sum of Total Profit ($A) High Street Paul Apel v17 phone 6428 HTS model 1 7545 HTS model 2 1497 HTS model 3 8974 Motorolar newstyle phone 1524 Motorolar razzr phone 777 Nokkia phone 1111 860 Nokkia phone 2222 964 Sansumg 250 phone 1092 Sansumg 300 phone 8074 Paul Total 37735 Ringo Apel v17 phone 438 HTS model 1 4400 HTS model 2 918 HTS model 3 9394 Sansumg 250 phone 442 Ringo Total 15592 High Street Total 53327 Mall George Apel v17 phone 1075 HTS model 1 1380 HTS model 2 506 HTS model 3 7314 Motorolar newstyle phone 1023 Motorolar razzr phone 957 Nokkia phone 1111 931 Nokkia phone 2222 1320 Sansumg 250 phone 744 Sansumg 300 phone 4368 George Total 19618 Stuart Apel v17 phone 1230 Sansumg 250 phone 1285 Sansumg 300 phone 39298 Stuart Total 41813 Mall Total 61431 Suburb John HTS model 1 5872 HTS model 2 2931 HTS model 3 8989 Motorolar newstyle phone 617 Motorolar razzr phone 322 Nokkia phone 1111 1268 Nokkia phone 2222 685 Sansumg 250 phone 816 Sansumg 300 phone 3204 John Total 24704 Suburb Total 24704 Grand Total 139462 1. The summary of repair income and expense as subtotaled by phone models, sales executives and shops is given below. Row Labels Sum of Expense for Phone Repair ($A) [Partially reimbursed Postal charges] Sum of Income from Phone Repair ($A) Apel v17 phone George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 Paul High Street 238 85 Paul Total 238 85 Ringo High Street 28 10 Ringo Total 28 10 Stuart Mall 70 25 Stuart Total 70 25 Apel v17 phone Total 336 120 HTS model 1 George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 140 180 John Total 140 180 Paul High Street 28 36 Paul Total 28 36 Ringo High Street 0 0 Ringo Total 0 0 HTS model 1 Total 168 216 HTS model 2 George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 0 0 John Total 0 0 Paul High Street 0 0 Paul Total 0 0 Ringo High Street 0 0 Ringo Total 0 0 HTS model 2 Total 0 0 HTS model 3 George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 0 0 John Total 0 0 Paul High Street 0 0 Paul Total 0 0 Ringo High Street 0 0 Ringo Total 0 0 HTS model 3 Total 0 0 Motorolar newstyle phone George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 0 0 John Total 0 0 Paul High Street 0 0 Paul Total 0 0 Motorolar newstyle phone Total 0 0 Motorolar razzr phone George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 0 0 John Total 0 0 Paul High Street 0 0 Paul Total 0 0 Motorolar razzr phone Total 0 0 Nokkia phone 1111 George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 140 150 John Total 140 150 Paul High Street 0 0 Paul Total 0 0 Nokkia phone 1111 Total 140 150 Nokkia phone 2222 George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 0 0 John Total 0 0 Paul High Street 0 0 Paul Total 0 0 Nokkia phone 2222 Total 0 0 Sansumg 250 phone George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 84 48 John Total 84 48 Paul High Street 70 40 Paul Total 70 40 Ringo High Street 0 0 Ringo Total 0 0 Stuart Mall 112 64 Stuart Total 112 64 Sansumg 250 phone Total 266 152 Sansumg 300 phone George Mall 0 0 George Total 0 0 John Suburb 56 32 John Total 56 32 Paul High Street 70 40 Paul Total 70 40 Stuart Mall 0 0 Stuart Total 0 0 Sansumg 300 phone Total 126 72 Grand Total 1036 710 Observations The table and chart for the income from different phone plans sold by FFC in 3 shops are, PhonePlan Sum of Total Income ($A) Optrus plan 1 135857 Optrus plan 2 109734 Raldi plan 57108 Telstrar plan 1 92444 Telstrar plan 2 9235 Teltsrar plan 2 40936 Vodrfon plan 1 4550 Vodrfon plan 2 2207 Grand Total 452071 And Thus, the (a) most income providing plan is Optrus plan 1 and the (b) least income providing plan is, Vodrfon plan 2. 1. The table and chart for the repair details of the phone models sold by FFC are, PhoneModel Count of RepairDetails Sum of Duration of Phone Repair (Days) Apel v17 phone 24 720 HTS model 1 12 73 HTS model 2 0 HTS model 3 0 Motorolar newstyle phone 0 Motorolar razzr phone 0 Nokkia phone 1111 10 132 Nokkia phone 2222 0 Sansumg 250 phone 19 222 Sansumg 300 phone 9 86 Grand Total 74 1233 And, For (a) and (b) the worst phone having the most total number of repairs and the longest duration for the repairs is, Apel v17 phone. 1. The table and chart for the income summary of the sales representatives are, StaffName Sum of Total Income ($A) George 80128 John 64106 Paul 156241 Ringo 56073 Stuart 95523 Grand Total 452071 And, Thus, by total sales (income) the best sales representative is Paul and the worst sales representative is Ringo. The chart for comparing the total profit in both scenarios is, Thus, the profit is more in case of hour based training service charge than the flat charge. Recommendations Following table shows a summary of income from different sales activities of FFC in different shops. Shop Values High Street Mall Suburb Grand Total Sum of Income from Phone Model ($A) 194140 161610 47525 403275 Sum of Income from Phone Plan ($A) 3475 3892 1584 8951 Sum of Income from Phone Cover ($A) 2838 1810 2997 7645 Sum of Income from Spare Battery ($A) 3650 4500 3590 11740 Sum of Income from Charge Pack ($A) 2360 2080 4320 8760 Sum of Income from Software Update ($A) 315 90 215 620 Sum of Income from Training Service ($A) 4960 1560 3000 9520 Based on this summary, the recommendation for improvement of their sales activities are, FFC should focus on different shops. Because all shops are not performing well. Especially is suburb are the income from sales is very low. Same is true for the sales representative. There is a huge gap between the best and worst performing sales representatives. FFC can concentrate on selling more phone accessories and insurance. When people are buying new phones, it is likely that they will by accessories like phone cases, insurance etc. Based on the analysis results so far, the recommendations for better decision making are, FFC should provide more detailed sales information for better and in depth analysis. Data should be cleaned before using in analysis work. There are several issues with the sales information provided by FFC. Such uncleansed data tends to give erroneous results. Other than sales information, FFC should focus on customer demographics also. Based on the sales information provided by FFC, the recommendation for better and quality record keeping are, Use of separate sheets for different entities like product, sales activities, sales representatives etc. Limiting the scope of manual data entry and use of more referencing and calculation using formulas etc. Use of data validation and for example, there is no data validation in any column. Column A, B and M contains Dates, name of the shops and duration of training hours respectively. There is no data validation used in any of these columns. Thus in column A, instead of date any string can be written. That will inject error in the analysis. In the same way, anything can be written on other two columns. But with proper data validation, column A should be restricted to have date values in proper format, column B should have a list of values with the names of three shops. And column M should be restricted to have any whole number from the range 0 to 24. References: Gross, D., Akaiwa, F., Nordquist, K. (2013). Succeeding in Business with Microsoft Excel 2013: A Problem-Solving Approach. Cengage Learning. Jelen, B. (2010). Microsoft Excel 2010 In Depth. Pearson . Jelen, B., Alexander, M. (2013). Excel 2013 Pivot Table Data Crunching. Que Publishing. Ralston, B. (2011). PowerPivot for Business Intelligence Using Excel and SharePoint. Apress. Rockoff, L. (2013). Microsoft Excel 2013 for the Business Analyst. Cengage Learning. Winston, W. L. (2009). Microsoft Excel Data Analysis and Business Modeling. Microsoft Press. Business Information Systems Questions: 1. Components of a feasibility study, i.e. technical, economic and behavioural, required.2. Provide appropriate information systems for the business. Answer: 1. Driving on company business is associated with the most significant colleague injury risk. Both employers and employees should cooperate to see that the wellness and safety of the drivers is given a priority as well as improving on the package delivery of their products. The company could therefore hold a meeting with its staff once in a while to reflect on the topic, and maybe give incentives to the employees who have done exceptionally well in both the safety measures and the deliverance of products. This would ensure that the employees also play their part in watching out for their safety (Lu Sadiq, 2007 p94). 2. To maintain the safety of their drivers, companies could set up a programme that is supported by a customized data management system to track and trend driving perfections, which has the ability. This is in order to identify needs for additional supervision/coaching. It also helps in the review and execution of privacy consent, a local policy which or a safe driving pledge. This could go a long way in ensuring that the drivers are safe on the roads. Companies could also come up with a questionnaire to be filled by the drivers just before they get employed. This ensures knowledge in understanding of the local policy and the driver's minimum performance criteria (Chaffey White, 2010 p 23). The company could also set their principles so that they could set up a risk assessment tool to assess the driver's behavior while he is on the highway. Tracking devices could also come in handy in this field. Completion of awareness coaching within the companies' premises and in-held meetings between employer and employees would help the company in ensuring that a sense of togetherness is achieved (Beynon, 2013 p. 83). This is very important to all businesses in order to yield productive results. For the identified at-high-risk drivers, a one-on-one manager session would be recommended where the said driver could be counseled by the departmental heads. References Beynon-Davies, P., 2013.Business information systems. Palgrave Macmillan, (pp. 76-89) Chaffey, D. and White, G., 2010.Business information management: improving performance using information systems. Pearson Education, (pp.23-56). Lu, R. and Sadiq, S., 2007, April. A survey of comparative business process modeling approaches. InBusiness information systems(pp. 82-94). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Old People a Burden to Society Essay Sample free essay sample

For much of the last half century. public treatment of population issues has focused on the proposition that the universe faced a population detonation. Many predicted desperate effects as population growing quickly used up supplies of exhaustible resources such as metals and crude oil. The criterion of life would worsen as certain indispensable resources became of all time more scarce and dearly-won. This pessimistic position was non new. In 1798. Thomas Malthus. in his celebrated Essay on the Principle of Population. argued. â€Å"The power of population is indefinitely greater than the power in the Earth to bring forth subsistence for adult male. Population. when unbridled. additions in a geometrical ratio. Subsistence increases merely in an arithmetical ratio. A little familiarity with Numberss will demo the enormousness of the first power in comparing of the 2nd. † Thus. in Malthus’ position. population growing will necessarily surpass the earth’s capacity t o bring forth nutrient. ensuing in widespread dearth. disease and poorness. Modern concern over population growing portions with Malthus the position that population force per unit areas will hold desperate effects. However. the Malthus position that these effects are inevitable -the position that earned economic sciences the label â€Å"dismal science†-is non shared by informed perceivers today. For some. protagonism of strict methods of population control has replaced resigned pessimism. For others. a world-wide diminution in the birth rate seems to be work outing the job without farther authorities action. If you ask people whether we must go on to be concerned about a population detonation. it is likely that many would react that the job will go highly of import in approaching old ages. Yet. experts who study these issues say that the odds that population growing will do existent trouble in the foreseeable hereafter have receded. We do. nevertheless. face with certainty another population job that will be at manus really soon-a quickly aging population. This article focuses on one deduction of this problem-namely. the effects of an aging population for authorities pension systems. such as the U. S. Social Security system. that rely on revenue enhancements paid by current workers to fund payments to retired persons. The strain on such systems will turn as the figure of ind ividuals having benefits additions relative to those in the labour force and paying revenue enhancements. Population Projections When Malthus wrote his treatise in 1798. the world’s population totaled some 900 million individuals. Today. universe population is approximately 6. 4 billion individuals. and about 100 million individuals are added to the sum every twelvemonth. Figure 1 secret plan estimations of entire universe population from 1750 to 2000. including projections of universe population to 2050 made by the United Nations. 1 For centuries. the world’s population grew easy. as high rates of mortality mostly offset high birth rates. Wars. dearths and epidemic diseases caused many people to decease immature ; accordingly. mean life anticipation was low. In Europe. conditions began to better by the 17th and 18th centuries. with increased nutrient supplies and betterments in personal hygiene and public sanitation. Peoples began to populate longer while birth rates remained high ; hence. Europe’s population began to increase quickly. By the terminal of the nineteenth century. many other parts of the universe had begun to see additions in life span. and population growing increased throughout the universe in the twentieth century. World population more than doubled between 1950 and 2000 and has about quadrupled since 1900. Presently. universe population is turning at a rate of 1. 35 per centum per twelvemonth. Dire Malthusian anticipations have non come true. nevertheless. Although we do witness dearth. disease and poorness. as Malthus predicted. these events are normally isolated and reflect impermanent jobs. frequently created by civil war. Across the universe. nutrient is by and large more abundant and less expensive. measured in footings of the sum of labour that must be expended to obtain a given degree of nutrition. than it of all time has been. Agricultural productiveness continues to lift quickly. and it seems improbable that universe nutrient supply will be a restraint on population growing for old ages to come. if of all time. Furthermore. there are grounds to believe that universe population growing will decelerate during the following 50 old ages. as the U. N. projections plotted in Figure 1 indicate. Population growing has already slowed markedly in much of the developed universe because b irthrate rates have declined. Increased educational and employment chances for adult females. every bit good as more widespread usage of preventives. have contributed to an addition in the mean age at which adult females begin to hold kids and to a diminution in the entire figure of kids they have. Most European and North American states have already experienced a significant diminution in birthrate rates ; they completed their â€Å"demographic transition† from high rates of birthrate and mortality to low rates by the 19th and early twentieth centuries. Many lesser-developed states are now at the intermediate phase of low mortality. but still high birthrate rates ; accordingly. their population growing is rapid. Although still good above norm. birthrate rates have declined well in many of these states during the past 20 old ages. which will take to worsening population growing in coming decennaries. U. N. predictors expect universe population growing to decelerate to about 0. 33 per centum per twelvemonth by 2050. at which clip predictors are foretelling that universe population will number some 8. 9 billion individuals. Interestingly. by mid-century. U. N. predictors predict a universe mean birthrate rate-that is. the mean figure of kids a adult female will bear in her lifetime-of 1. 85. At that rate. birthrate will be below the degree necessary for population to remain constant-about 2. 1 kids per adult female. Consequently. universe population is expected to get down worsening sometime toward the terminal of this century. As Figu re 2 shows. birthrate rates are already below the replacing rate in many economically advanced states. As of 2000. the United States was the lone big. economically developed state with a birthrate rate above 2 kids per adult female. A Greying Population A diminution in the birth rate evidently means that population growing will decelerate. But no fancy computations are required to understand that a crisp diminution in the birth rate will besides make an instability in a population ; the diminution in the figure of immature people necessarily means that the proportion of older people in the population will lift. A good drumhead step of a population’s age is the average age-the age such that half the population is older and half is younger. Over the past half century. the average age of the world’s population has increased by 2. 8 old ages. from 23. 6 in 1950 to 26. 4 in 2000. The United Nations forecasts average age to lift to 36. 8 old ages in 2050. More-developed states are expected to hold an addition in average age from 37. 3 old ages to 45. 2 old ages. and lesser-developed states from 24. 1 old ages to 35. 7 old ages. Japan is today the state with the oldest population. holding a average age of 41. 3 old ages. Japa n is projected to hold a average age of 53. 2 old ages in 2050. The average age of the U. S. population. by contrast. is 35. 2 old ages and is forecast to be 39. 7 old ages in 2050. Datas on average age. as of 2000 and prognosiss for 2050. for selected states are aforethought inFigure 3. The world’s fastest turning age group is comprised of those aged 80 and older. In 2000. 69 million individuals. or 1. 1 per centum of universe population. were this old. By 2050. the figure aged 80 or older is expected to more than quintet to 377 million and be 4. 2 per centum of universe population. In that twelvemonth. 21 states or countries are projected to hold at least 10 per centum of their population aged 80 or over. Japan is forecast to hold 15. 5 per centum of its population aged 80 or older-the highest of any country-and have about 1 per centum of its population comprised of individuals aged 100 or more. The United States is projected to hold 7. 2 per centum of its population made up of those 80 and older. To understand the deductions of the greying population. believe about a household life on the U. S. frontier 150 old ages ago. The household was mostly self-sufficing. turning its ain nutrient. doing its tapers and constructing its ain house with some aid from neig hbours. The working members of the household had to turn the nutrient for the full household. including kids and aged grandparents. The kids went to work at a immature age. and the grandparents worked in the Fieldss every bit long as they could. The larger the figure of kids excessively immature to work and the larger the figure of handicapped aged. the greater the load on those in their premier on the job old ages. The fact that we live in a high-income industrial society does non alter the fact that those working must bring forth all the goods and services consumed by the full population. Non-working dependants are dependants merely as certainly today as they were on the farm 150 old ages ago. Those in the working population will hold to back up themselves and the dependent population of kids and aged. The United States and other high-income states have public pension systems. such as our Social Security system. to back up the aged. But the Social Security system sets the retirement day of the month by the calendar and non by capacity to work. Thus. today. many and possibly most people retire while physically able to work fruitfully. The graying of the population poses a serious financial job as the dependence ratio-that i s. the ratio of individuals out of the labour force to the figure of individuals in the labour force-rises. Government pension systems-Social Security in the United States-are where a lifting dependence ratio has its most obvious impact. Social Security. like the public systems of most states. is a pay-as-you-go system. significance that revenue enhancements paid by current workers are used to fund payments to today’s benefit receivers. instead than invested in histories or otherwise set aside to finance the benefits of those presently paying revenue enhancements when they retire. To be certain. under current jurisprudence. one’s Social Security benefits are related to the revenue enhancements he or she paid while working. but that link relies on the ability of authorities to impose revenue enhancements on one coevals of workers to finance benefits promised to another coevals. Obviously. as the figure of individuals having benefits rises relative to the figure paying revenue enhancements. the mean taxpayer must shoulder a larger and larger load or. instead. benefits must be cut. One manner to believe about Social Security revenue enhancements today is that they are like the nutrient grown by frontier hu sbandmans that they do non acquire to devour because the nutrient goes to their parents and children- their dependants. Some of the income earned by those working today has to be diverted to supply benefits for retired dependants. The load will lift well in coming old ages because the figure of retired persons will lift comparative to those at work. Projections by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD ) indicate that public transportations to retired individuals for pensions and wellness attention will increase in the mean OECD state by some 6 per centum points of GDP. from 21 per centum to 27 per centum. between now and 2050. 2 Unless promised hereafter benefits are cut significantly. significant revenue enhancement additions will be necessary to consequence such transportations. However. as a recent OECD study concludes. drastic revenue enhancement additions could do affairs worse by cut downing the inducements for market work and for salvaging. 3 The OECD concludes that in many states it may be necessary both to cut down promised benefits and to increase the inducements for work. In recent decennaries. there has been a inclination for people to come in the labour force at a higher age while retiring at an earlier age. Consequently. the proportion of life spent working has declined. This phenomenon r eflects a figure of factors. including increasing returns to instruction and progressively generous transportation plans that encourage early retirement. In states that experienced a post-World War II babe roar. big additions in the labour force in the sixtiess and 1970s reduced the dependence ratio and enabled progressively generous transportation payments to retired individuals. However. if life anticipation continues to increase. as demographists project. the dependence ratio will lift and such transportations will represent an increasing load on those working. This treatment should do clear that the cardinal job our society-and all aging societies-faces is one of an increasing figure of retired people relative to working people. To avoid significant revenue enhancement additions on future workers. somecombination of merely two possible solutions must be chosen. One is to cut down the one-year payments to Social Security donees. and the other is to cut down the figure of retirement old ages by raising the retirement age. Not surprisingly. many analysts conclude that reform must get down by cut downing inducements in the public pension systems of many states that encourage early retirement. Often. public pension systems offer generous benefit payments to early retired persons. Although early retired persons typically receive a smaller one-year pension than i ndividuals who wait until they are older to retire. the difference in many states is deficient to deter big Numberss of people from retiring early. The United States is something of an exclusion. For a adult male with mean income. our Social Security system is approximately impersonal between ages 62 and 70-Social Security neither encourages nor discourages continued employment. Beyond that age. nevertheless. the inducement to stay in the labour force is low. Put another manner. the inexplicit revenue enhancement of staying in the labour force-forgone benefits-is comparatively high. At a proficient design degree. there are a figure of possible ways to make a more impersonal system with regard to retirement age so that at a lower limit. those who want to work longer are non penalized for making so. The thought is that one-year benefits need to be higher by an actuarially just sum when retirement is delayed. A recent OECD survey found a close correlativity between inducements to retire and retirement behavior-not surprisingly. people do react to incentives! The deduction of this research. harmonizing to its writers. is that labour force engagement in the 55-64 age group would b e increased well by reforms that abolished policy-induced inducements to retire early. Indeed. the study goes on to propose that policy-makers should see skewing inducements against retirement. at least up to some age. in acknowledgment that people who work supply a net positive impact on public budgets. 4 By go oning to work past normal retirement age. people support themselves and pay revenue enhancements that help to cut down the revenue enhancement load that would otherwise autumn on others. Several states have begun to harness in their public pension systems by establishing reforms that cut down inducements to retire early. Although an of import first measure. many analysts conclude that the age at which individuals are eligible for benefits will besides hold to increase in order to avoid significant decreases in benefit payments. The United States has in topographic point a gradual addition in the retirement age for full Social Security benefits from age 65 to age 67 by 2025. Our Social Security system was begun in the 1930s when the mean 65-year-old individual could anticipate to populate about 13 more old ages. By 2000. those extra old ages at age 65 had increased to about 18. The addition in normal retirement age from 65 to 67 by 2025 that is in current jurisprudence evidently does non travel far plenty to countervail this addition in life anticipation. Indeed. the legal guardians of the U. S. Social Security and Medicare trust financess project that. under current jurisprudence. Social Security spendings will get down to transcend paysheet revenue enhancement gross in 2018 and that the Social Security trust fund will be wholly exhausted by 2042. 5 The OECD has recommended a figure of other reforms to its member states to promote older individuals to stay active participants in the labour force. These include taking labour market rigidities that discourage parttime employment and implementing reforms that would increase the portion of retirement income from private beginnings relative to public pay-as-you-go systems. Such policy reforms could assist relieve the financial challenges posed by aging populations both by take downing dependence ratios and by prefering economic growing. Decision Demographic alteration in the United States and elsewhere in the universe presents tremendous challenges. In much of the universe. the combination of increased life anticipation and a decreased birth rate has created a state of affairs in which average age is lifting quickly. As a consequence. authorities transportation plans. such as Social Security. that rely on revenue enhancements born by those presently working to fund benefits for those who are out of the labour force will come under increasing strain. Policy-makers will confront hard determinations because financial balance can be restored in such plans merely by cut downing promised benefits. raising revenue enhancements or through some combination of the two. Two of the more toothsome and frequently discussed options are the remotion of inducements that encourage early retirement and a gradual addition in the age of eligibility for retirement benefits to reflect increased life anticipation. Whether such reforms will be suffi cient will depend. of class. on how rapidly they are implemented and how far they go. Endnotes 1. All population informations presented in this article are from the United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision. For the birthrate and average age informations. seewww. un. org/esa/population/publications/wpp2002/wpp2002annextables. PDF ( tables 3 and 8. severally ) . The universe population informations have since been updated in the 2004 alteration. and the 2002 informations are non readily available. For the 2004 information. see http: //esa. un. org/unpp. [ back to text ] 2. The OECD is an international organisation of 30 states headquartered in Paris. [ back to text ] 3. â€Å"Strengthening Growth and Public Finances in an Era of Demographic Change. † Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. May 7. 2004. See www. oecd. org/eco. [ back to text ] 4. This research is summarized in â€Å"Strengthening Growth and Public Finances in an Era of Demographic Change. † OECD. May 2004. [ back to text ] 5. 2004 Annual Report of the Social Security and Medicare Boards of Trustees. The U. S. Social Security plan comprises two parts. The Old-Age and Survivors Insurance ( OASI ) plan wages retirement and subsister benefits. and the Disability

Human and Modern Technology free essay sample

It is debatable whether or not technology is financially a disadvantage or advantage. On one hand, technology is cost effective, according to Small Business Bibletechnology may boost revenue and profit through increased efficiency, productivity and limited man hours. However, a business may lose this revenue and profit simply because they have to support and update all of the technology they use. For example, a business may reduce the number of office employee hours with a handful of software programs, but it then may have to pay a technology consultant fees for installing and answering questions about how to use the programs. Norwin A. Merens, managing director of NM Marketing Communications, says that having a personal touch in business is beneficial. When an organization uses technology to an excessive degree (e. g. , when most operations are automated, more machines are used than employees, the majority of employees are in tech support, or everyone is required to use phones, computers, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Human and Modern Technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ), it may lose the personal appeal it had. Others may shy away from the organization because they want to do business or communicate with a real person and not a machine. Precision Technology means that people can perform tasks with an incredibly high degree of accuracy. For example, in medicine, machines can measure the exact amount of oxygen a person is taking in or make an incision to within millimeters. Health Technology may cause numerous health problems. For example, according to Practice, Medical News Today, PR Log and Poynton, scientists, researchers and doctors such as Darius Lakdawalla, Tomas Philipson, Amy Drescher and Charles Poynton are concerned about the links between technology, obesity/heart problems, eye strain, deafness and muscle issues. Waste from technology such as the used fuel and emissions from factory machines may pollute the environment, disturbing ecosystems and making people sick. : Modern technology is very powerful, and it uses up resources very rapidly, and lends itself to both constructive and destructive uses; we may wind up using it to destroy our world. Perhaps we are not intelligent enough as a species to be trusted with our own technology. : Nevertheless some people argue that science can destroy mankind. It is also obvious that we are close on an era where technology is limited only by our imagination. Therefore the most frequently asked question is: Does technology go the right way and will it save or ruin our civilization? : . But when we look at the backside of the latest technology, we find that we have made these technology for our destruction if wrongly used by wrong people. disadvantages out of the benefit of modern technology such as stress factor, hectic life, fear of nuclear war, cyber crime and high growth. : While it is impossible to argue with the many benefits that have been derived from modern technology, there are also disadvantages that are inherent with the latest computer and phone advancement. A person that plans on using the latest devices will need to remain aware of how it will affect their life, in both the good and bad ways. The biggest problem that many technology experts are voicing is the dependence that is now being placed on using these devices and how it can give a distinct change to a person’s life. In terms of health, there have been numerous studies that look at how the growing use of computers can affect a person. The condition of carpal tunnel syndrome is one physical issue that can be developed from using a computer for long hours at a time, but there are other psychological issues as well. Many people now spend a great deal of time online, living through the images and text that are presented by their computer screen. Instead of connecting in real life situations, they prefer to live in a virtual world, complete with real friends that only exist in online social networks and through Internet games. The biggest change that is being seen is that the quality of communication is quickly being transformed. While people are more connected to their friends than ever before, there is a great deal of static that colors all of their conversations. With many people updating their social network status several times a day and sending chain emails, the quality of the information being transmitted is being reduced. The glut of information that is crowding these online channels must be filtered drastically if a person wants to only receive important transmissions from their business colleagues and personal friends. The time that it takes to filter this information only adds to the long hours that are spent in front of a computer. From day to day, our world has been changed gradually form one condition to another. The revolution of new ideas always comes up to the minds of every person, especially the idea to improve technology which people need to make the living better. As the result, modern technology has been bringing people certain advantages such as ways for fast communication, the improvement of traveling, and good health care medical treatment. However, loneliness, world destruction weapons, pollution, and sameness of lifestyle are brought by modern technology, too. For the plus side, we can get the fast ways of communication through modern technology, without it everything will be the same. Nowadays, people can get hot news from any parts of the world very quickly by using E-mail and Internet. Moreover, telephone-local or/and oversea is playing a key role for people to communicate to with each other. Next, modern technology brings us the convenience of traveling form one place to the other faster than before. Now, we have aircraft that can make journey shorter, for example, before if you wanted to go to France (form Cambodia), you could not go by train or plane. But now people spend only 10 hours to travel from, Cambodia to France by direct flight these days. So, all transportation means invented with the support of technology really brings people easiness of traveling. Moreover, medical treatment has been going well for a long period of time with the help of modern technology. These days, most of the hospitals are using modern technology as the assistance for the operation, for example. Some doctors use new machines to produce medicine which effectively cures people and prolongs the life expectancy around the world. In addition, the discovery of x-ray enables doctors to treat some kinds of diseases. However, modern technology doesnt automatically bring the good things but some bad points. The booming of industrialization and development causes pollution to our world. For example, the smoke for all kinds of vehicles affects the air, especially ozone layer. As the result, people suffer illness like cancers. :Next, some people use modern technology to create the negative things of the mankind. They create world destruction weapons such as nuclear and atomic bombs. These weapons cause a huge ruin for human beings if we use them in the wrong ways/ For example, the terrorists use grenades to attack  honest people who have different tendency from their groups. Furthermore, modern technology brings loneliness to old people in some countries. In England, old people are left at the government homes that make them feel isolated from their off-springs. This is because. their sons and daughters are busy with their works in new world and forget them. Last, sameness of lifestyle becomes to the mind of all people. Before people had different cultures and traditions like the way wearing the clothes or building. But people, now tend to build the same models of house and wear the same fashion of clothes. To conclude, although modern technology brings us some goods benefits, it also gives a lot of bad results. So, to make our world prosperous, we should use the modern technology in the good ways and find the effective solutions to the bad result Every one knows that technology is very helpful but it has some disadvantages too. Because many companies have adopted automatic machines so that they can improve their production with accuracy. As a result many people lost their job. : Similarly house maids are loosing their job because robotic machines are doing their job. Owner need to pay one time only while maid get paid for every month. However machines and robots look inexpensive and good to use but, when any technical problem occurs in machine or robot, it took much time to fix it and also it can be expensive. As we found that in technology sector, there are many advantages and disadvantages, even then people cant imagine their life without technology including me. :Technology has been a boon to mankind and it is a blessing in disguise. It has made the life of humans simple and easy to live. The effects of technology have largely been positive on human life. We have reached this modern era because of technology. The various technologies around us have made this world modern. In this modern life technological innovations have become integral to our lives Technological innovations are the most important aspect of human life and it is impossible to even think of our life without them. Technology is the greatest creation of humans and it has also enabled humans to create whatever they desire. I think that technology is indispensable in our modern life and it is a great positive force in our lives. The creativity in the field of technology has always resulted in remarkable innovations. We would not have reached such heights of development without the help of technology. Technology has influenced people in a positive sense. It has instigated people to create better and better innovations. We can never think of our lives without the basic amenities which technology has provided us with. Without such technology we would still be in the pre-historic age. We should be thankful to technology for our metamorphosis from a cave man to the modern man of present age. This modernism is the result of technology and it has made our life better and better with time. It is best tool that the humans have ever invented for self help. The technological inventions from a mixer grinder to the aircrafts have revolutionized the human life. Technology has aided the humans with the power to create anything and this is a process which is still going on with the hope of creating something new and better. Although the positive influence of technology on our lives is credible but at the same time various drawbacks of technology can not be neglected. This tool of technology has proved to be a disaster in the hands of scientists who made inventions which were.

What Comes With a Continental Breakfast Sample Menu

What Comes With a Continental Breakfast Sample Menu SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you're going somewhere that's offering a continental breakfast, you may be confused by the term. What is a continental breakfast, really? Should you be excited for or fearful of it? As someone who has eaten hundreds, if not thousands, of continental breakfasts throughout the world, let me guide you through the ins and outs of this specific meal. I'll explain the continental breakfast, break down a typical continental breakfast menu, and detail the differences between the very worst and the very best continental breakfasts. What Is a Continental Breakfast? A continental breakfast is a light morning meal. It’s served buffet style, and it typically has fewer offerings than a traditional breakfast at a restaurant. Normally, it consists of bread products, fruit, fruit juice, coffee, and tea. Most often, you’ll find continental breakfasts at hotels, motels, and events. As a rule of thumb, a continental breakfast usually doesn't have hot food like eggs or sausages. Products will usually be cold or room temperature. The hotels or motels that provide continental breakfasts will usually offer them for free for their guests from 6-9 or 6-10 in the morning. If you go on vacation, I wish you luck in your attempt to wake up in time to take advantage of the the free continental breakfast. How Did the Term â€Å"Continental Breakfast† Originate? It’s unclear exactly when the term â€Å"continental breakfast† originated, probably in the mid-19th century, but the â€Å"continental† in â€Å"continental breakfast† refers to the countries of continental Europe where light breakfasts were the norm. Makes sense, right? A continental breakfast is supposed to stand in contrast to a standard English breakfast, which is extremely heavy. The standard English breakfast includes eggs, bacon, sausage, toast, and coffee or tea. Additionally, it can include fish, beans, and English pudding. That's a whole lotta food to start your day. The continental breakfast consists of lighter fare and is based primarily on bread products. Continental breakfasts became common at American hotels as more Europeans traveled to the US in the late 19th century, and the hotels tried to meet the tastes and expectations of the tourists. Now, â€Å"continental breakfast† typically refers just as much to the price as the food options. Meals used to be included in the price of traditional American hotels; however, tourists began opting out of the hotel meals, but they still wanted breakfast. Thus, the free continental breakfast was born. What Items Does a Continental Breakfast Include? Here's a rundown of the food items you'll often find in a continental breakfast: Bread Products At the traditional continental breakfast, bread products reign supreme. You can often find donuts, muffins, bread, bagels, croissants, cereal, and pastries. At nicer continental breakfasts, you may be able to feast on waffles, pancakes, or french toast. You'll also have the necessary condiments to enhance your bread products, including butter, cream cheese, and jam/jelly. Fruit Most continental breakfasts provide fruit as a healthier option. Typically, there will be apples and bananas, so you'll be able to get your fiber and potassium. If you're lucky, you'll be able to indulge in melon, pears, grapes, and an assortment of berries. Fruit Juice Another continental breakfast staple is fruit juice. Generally, you'll be able to choose between orange and apple juice. Other possible fruit juice options include cranberry, grapefuit, and grape juice. Coffee and Tea Most continental breakfasts will provide coffee and tea. Ideally, your coffee will be freshly brewed. If you prefer tea, you'll probably have to get yourself some hot water and a tea bag. There should be cream and sweeteners to add some flavor to your hot beverages. Miscellaneous Items Here are some other foods that you'll sometimes see at continental breakfasts: Yogurt Oatmeal Eggs Bacon Sausage Cheese What Makes a Good Continental Breakfast? The quality of a continental breakfast is dependent on the quantity and quality of its offerings. Basically, how many products does it have, and how good are those products? Here are your different levels of continental breakfasts: Bad Continental Breakfast I’ve seen some pretty sad and gross continental breakfasts. The worst ones I’ve seen only provided stale bagels and old cereal. There was no milk (was I expected to eat dry cereal?), no fruit juice, and no freshly brewed coffee. It was obvious that the continental breakfast wasn’t well-maintained and the very limited products weren’t regularly replaced. Standard Continental Breakfast The standard continental breakfast will be well-organized and provide mostly fresh products, but there will be limited offerings. The standard continental breakfast will have some combination of fruit, muffins, bagels, cereal, bread, croissants, pastries, waffles, yogurt, juice, milk, tea, and fresh coffee. Additionally, there will be butter, jam/jelly, cream, and sugar available. Here’s a pic of a standard continental breakfast: You can see the cereal, milk, fruit, and coffee. In the right corner of the pic, it looks like there may be a waffle maker. Most often, you'll have to make your own waffles at the continental breakfast. Good Continental Breakfast The primary factor that separates a standard continental breakfast from a good one is the number of food options. A good continental breakfast looks more like a breakfast buffet at a restaurant. The most impressive breakfast spreads include eggs, bacon, sausage, french toast, and pancakes, in addition to all of the options at a standard continental breakfast. You may even get some fancier breakfast entrees like quiches, omelets, or Eggs Benedict. (To be fair, at this point it stops being a traditional continental breakfast and becomes more of an Everything breakfast.) Look at all these options: Bev Sykes/Flickr How to Do a Continental Breakfast Right As a connoisseur of continental breakfasts, let me advise you on how to make the most out of your free breakfast experience. Step #1: Arrive On Time For many people (myself included), the biggest obstacle to taking advantage of the free continental breakfast is waking up in time to partake in the breakfast fun. Some continental breakfasts end as early as 9:00 AM, and if you're on vacation and have a rare opportunity to sleep in, you may not want to get out of bed before noon. I recommend arriving to the continental breakfast at least 20 minutes before it's supposed to end. If you show up at the last second, hotel staff may be taking away items as you're trying to serve yourself. You also want to give yourself enough time to get seconds. If you love breakfast, but you aren't ready to start your day during the designated breakfast hours, you can always grab your continental breakfast, take it back to your room, eat, and then head back to dream land. That's a savvy move. Step #2: Survey Your Options Before grabbing food, see what’s available and briefly inspect your options. Even though continental breakfasts are all-you-can-eat, it’s better not to take food you’re not going to eat or won’t like. For example, you may typically like bagels and fruit, but often, the bagels and fruit at the continental breakfast are far from fresh. I’ve seen some continental breakfast bananas that look a few months old and bagels that were hard enough to break a car window. I love eggs, but there are continental breakfast eggs that are as rubbery as car tires. You’ll probably have the most enjoyable meal by selecting the highest quality products available. Step #3: Consider Your Goals Think about what you’re trying to get out of this meal. Do you want the tastiest meal possible? Generally, this is my goal at the continental breakfast. I want to satisfy my hunger and enjoy my food. If you’re like me, you’ll probably want to look for the muffins, donuts, or pastries at a standard continental breakfast. If you have the patience, making your own waffle is also a good call. If you’re at a good continental breakfast, you’ll want eggs and meat. My ideal continental breakfast is eggs, bacon, sausage, two muffins, a donut, and apple juice. Yummy. Are you trying to gain muscle or lose weight? If you’re looking to add muscle or lose weight, go for lean protein and fruit. Hard boiled eggs, turkey bacon, oatmeal, yogurt, and fruit would be ideal options for you. Do you want a combo of healthy and tasty? For healthy and tasty, I recommend a moderately-sized balanced meal. As an example, you can do a bagel with low-fat cream cheese, fruit, eggs, and yogurt. For your beverage, try to stick to water, but if you need some caffeine, take it easy on the sweeteners. Step #4: Take a Little Less Than You Plan on Eating I think we’re all guilty of letting our eyes be bigger than our stomachs. If you hit up the continental breakfast when you’re rather hungry, you’re likely to get too much food. You don’t want to waste food, and you don’t want to eat so much that you feel bad when you’re done. Admittedly, I’ve been guilty of gluttony and needed to lay down after five donuts, six sausage links, and five pieces of bacon. Remember the continental breakfast is all-you-can-eat. If you’re still hungry after your first plate, you can always return for seconds. Step #5: Lower Your Expectations Because the continental breakfast is usually free, don’t expect world-class food. If you’re a food snob who can only enjoy the finest of foods, you’ll undoubtedly be disappointed at any continental breakfast. If you go in just hoping for bread that isn’t stale and food that tastes better than stale bread, you have a good chance of being pleased with your continental breakfast. If the food is free, remind yourself that free food is the most delicious. It’s very possible to get a satisfying meal with pretty good food at a continental breakfast, and it’s free and all-you-can-eat. Nothing wrong with that.

Camparison of three psychological disorders Essay

Camparison of three psychological disorders - Essay Example This also affects the cognitive and the behavioral aspect of the human activity and thus impacts his everyday life. These symptoms can be controlled through awareness, training and medication under the supervision and care of an experienced medical practitioner. There is tremendous role of counseling in the management and understanding of these symptoms which can have debilitating affect on the life of individual suffering from these mental diseases. Non-melancholic depression is the most 'common' type of depression seen by general practitioners. In this case the depression is not melancholic, or, put simply, not primarily biological. The term depression is sometimes used to describe the normal sadness orlow mood people feel if they've had to cope with a stressful event or problem, such as the death of a loved one or a relationship break-up. Depression is also the name for anillness that is more severe than normal sadness, lasts longer than two weeks, and interferes with other parts of your life, such as work, school or relationships. (Seligman, Walker, & Rosenhan) Instead, it has to do with psychological causes, and is very often linked to stressful events in a person's life, alone, or in conjunction with the individual's personality style. Non-melancholic depression is the most common of the three types of depression. People with non-melancholic depression experience: a depressed mood for more than two weeks Social impairment (for example, difficulty in dealing with work or relationships).It is also referred to as 'major depression', 'clinical depression', and 'mixed anxiety and depression' and is characterized by depressed mood for more than two weeks. Individuals with non-melancholic depression tend to exhibit key features such as a decline in self-esteem, self-criticism, a depressed mood, as well as non-specific features, such as a change in appetite, fatigue or sleep disturbance. People with non-melancholic depression do not have the marked psychomotor disturbance seen in melancholic depression and are less likely to report major problems with memory or concentration. Non-melancholic depression has a high rate of spontaneous remission because it is often linked to stressful events in a person's life. Non-melancholic depression responds well to different sorts of treatments (such as psychotherapies, antidepressants and counselling), but the treatment selected should respect the cause (e.g. stress, personality style). However, the challenge faced by general practitioners in treating this group, is the high rate of 'spontaneous remission'; hence, accurate assessment of treatment can be difficult (Wolfe,Erickson & Sharkansky ). Counseling can provide a platform for venting out the fears and overpowering memories related the disease and thus give a person a fresh perspective to deal with the issue which leads to depressive symptoms. The limitation in this approach is it is dependant upon the cooperation from the individual. Anxiety is normal reaction to stress and can have major or minor physiological impact on the person experiencing this symptom. In the state of anxiety the individual undergoes physiological changes which affect his cognitive, somatic emotional and behavioral aspects of life. These factors combined result in feelings of apprehension, fear